IPO Drafting:

 

 

Degrees of Control:

Inadequate Internal 

Controls & Disclosure

 

 

10/31/05 –  In the post-Sarbanes-Oxley era, pre-IPO companies have a host of new issues to address before they consider going public. At least anecdotally, we know that companies are preparing much more in advance of their initial registration and subsequent initial public offering. Compliance with Section 404 and the implementation of effective internal controls is one issue looming large for any company seeking to submit themselves to the rigors of being a public company.

We reviewed the Risk Factors section of this year’s IPOs to see what was lurking within the issuers’ disclosures regarding internal controls. To do so we surveyed the topic sentence of each risk factor as disclosed in the Risk Factor section. 

In our survey of 2005’s 182 IPOs (through 10/24/05) there were at least 31% (57 of 182 IPOs in the period) which had specific risk factors concerning possible or real non-compliance with Section 404. Amongst those with such risk factors, we identified several major themes within the risk factors’ topic sentences. We categorized them as follows and give an example for each theme.  We also compiled a list of infrequent risk factors for review.

Common

Internal Control Risk Factors

Year-to-Date 2005

Internal Control Theme

   RISK FACTOR Sub-Section

Risk Factor Topic Sentence

Failure to Maintain Adequate Internal Controls

1st of 2 Sub-sections:

   Risk Factors Related to Our Company

27th of 28 Risk Factors in Sub-section:

If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal controls, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results or prevent fraud.

Failure to Achieve & Maintain Adequate Internal Controls

1st of 3 Sub-sections:

  Risks Related To Our Business

33rd of 34 Risk Factors in Sub-section:

Failure to achieve and maintain effective internal controls in accordance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act could have a material adverse effect on our business and stock 

price.

Future Loss of Confidence or Value

2nd of 2 Sub-sections:

  Risks Related to this Offering 

9th of 9 Risk Factors in Sub-section:

If we identify deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting, our business and our stock price could be adversely affected.

General Sarbox Disclosure as to Possible Future Non-Compliance

3rd of 3 Sub-sections:

   Risks Related to the Offering

10th of 10 Risk Factors in Sub-Section:

We may be exposed to potential risks resulting from new requirements that we evaluate our internal control over 

financial reporting under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.

Material Weakness

1st of 3 Sub-sections:

   Risks Related to Our Business

1st of 21 Risk Factors in Sub-section:

We have identified material weaknesses in our internal controls, which could affect our ability to ensure timely and reliable financial reports and the ability of our auditors to 

attest to the effectiveness of our internal controls.

May Not Be Considered Adequate / Effective

3rd of 3 Risk Factor Sub-sections:

   Risks Related to Our Industry

5th of 10 Risk Factors in Sub-section:

Our internal controls over financial reporting may not be adequate and our independent auditors may not be able to certify as to their adequacy, which could have a significant and adverse effect on our business and reputation.

* Jan. 1, 2005 through Oct.24, 2005

IPO Vital Signs Subscribers see, IPO Vital Sign

#733. Risk Factors Section - 

List of Risk Factors 

Advanced Tools > IPO Prospectus Writer 

 

Infrequent

Internal Control Risk Factors

Selected Examples

Year-to-Date 2005

Internal Control Theme

   RISK FACTOR Sub-Section

Risk Factor Topic Sentence

No Assurance

1st of 3 Sub-sections:

   Risks Related to Our Business 

13th of 20 Risk Factors in Sub-section:

We can provide no assurance regarding our, or our 

independent registered public accounting firm's, conclusions 

at March 31, 2007 with respect to the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting.

In Development

1st of 2 Sub-sections:

    Risks Relating to Our Business

12th of 27 Risk Factors in Sub-section:

Our internal financial reporting procedures are in development and we will need to allocate significant resources to meet applicable internal financial reporting standards.

If Unable to Implement

1st of 2 Sub-sections:

   Risk Factors Relating to Our Business

32nd of 32 Risk Factors in Sub-section:

If we are unable to implement the requirements of Section 404 in a timely manner or if we conclude our internal controls are not effective in other areas, we may be subject to sanctions or investigation by regulatory authorities and incur additional compliance costs and the financial markets may react negatively.

If Unable to Improve

3rd of 3 Sub-sections:

   Risks Related to Our Capital Structure 

4th of 11 Risk Factors in Sub-section:

If we are unable to improve and maintain the quality of our internal controls, any weaknesses could materially and adversely affect our ability to provide timely and accurate information about our company, which could harm our reputation and share price.

Not Yet Evaluated

1st of - Sub-sections:

   Risks Relating to Our Business and the Ophthalmic Industry

18th of 18 Risk Factors in Sub-section:

We have not yet evaluated our internal control over financial reporting in compliance with Section 404 of the 

Sarbanes-Oxley Act.

Past Deficiency / Effect of Future Deficiency

1st of 4 Sub-sections:

   Risks Related to the Acquisition of [Company Name]

12th of 13 Risk Factors in Sub-section:

We have in the past identified significant deficiencies in our internal controls, and the identification of any significant deficiencies in the future could affect our ability to ensure 

timely and reliable financial reports.

* Jan. 1, 2005 through Oct.24, 2005

IPO Vital Signs Subscribers see, IPO Vital Sign

#733. Risk Factors Section - 

List of Risk Factors 

Advanced Tools > IPO Prospectus Writer

 



© CCH INCORPORATED 2005. IPO Vital Signs includes all U.S. market IPOs, including REITs and non-U.S. headquartered IPO issuers, except for 1) closed-end funds; 2) best-efforts, self-underwritten, and direct offerings; and 3) IPOs filing under form SB-2 with an offering amount of less than $5 million. All fees are estimated and taken from Part II of the final amendment if not disclosed in the final prospectus.